MARITIME TRAFFIC SAFETY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA ——附加英文版
The Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
MARITIME TRAFFIC SAFETY LAW OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
(Adopted at the Second Meeting of the Standing Committee of the
Sixth National People's Congress, promulgated by Order No. 7 of the
President of the People's Republic of China on September 2, 1983, and
effective as of January, 1, 1984)
Contents
Chapter I General Provisions
Chapter II Inspection and Registration of Vessels
Chapter III Personnel on Vessels and Installations
Chapter IV Navigation, Berthing and Operations
Chapter V Safety Protection
Chapter VI Transport of Dangerous Goods
Chapter VII Rescue from Disasters at Sea
Chapter VIII Salvage and Removal of Sunken and Drifting Objects
Chapter IX Investigation and Handling of Traffic Accidents
Chapter X Legal Liability
Chapter XI Special Provisions
Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions
Chapter I General Provisions
Article 1
This law is formulated in order to strengthen the control of maritime
traffic; ensure the safety of vessels, installations, human life and
property; and safeguard the rights and interests of the state.
Article 2
This Law shall apply to all vessels, installations and personnel and to
the owners and managers of such vessels and installations that navigate,
berth or operate in the coastal waters of the People's Republic of China.
Article 3
The harbour superintendence agencies of the People's Republic of China
shall be the competent authorities responsible for the unified supervision
and administration of traffic safety in the coastal waters.
Chapter II Inspection and Registration of Vessels
Article 4
Vessels and their major equipment relating to navigation safety must have
valid technical certificates issued by vessel inspection departments.
Article 5
A vessel must have a certificates showing its nationality, a vessel
registry certificate or a vessel licence.
Chapter III Personnel on Vessels and Installations
Article 6
Vessels shall be manned with qualified crew members according to a
standard quota to ensure the vessels' safety.
Article 7
The captain, chief engineer, pilot, engineers, radio and telephone
operators and similar personnel on board seaplanes or submersibles must
hold valid job certificates. All other crew members must undergo
specialized technical training required for their work.
Article 8
In accordance with state provisions, all installations shall be provided
with personnel who have mastered the techniques of collision avoidance,
signalling, communications, fire control, life-saving and other
operations.
Article 9
All personnel on vessels and installations must observe relevant rules and
regulations concerning maritime traffic safety, follow the operating rules
and ensure the safety of the vessels and installations in navigation,
berthing and operations.
Chapter IV Navigation, Berthing and Operations
Article 10
While navigating, berthing or carrying out operations, vessels and
installations must abide by the relevant laws, administrative statutes and
rules and regulations of the People's Republic of China.
Article 11
Non-military vessels of foreign nationality may not enter the internal
waters and harbours of the People's Republic of China without the approval
of its competent authorities. However, under unexpected circumstances such
as critical illness of personnel, engine breakdown or the vessels being in
distress or seeking shelter from weather when they do not have the time to
obtain approval, they may, while entering China's internal waters of
harbour, make an emergency report to the competent authorities and shall
obey its directions.
Military vessels of foreign nationality may not enter the territorial
waters of the People's Republic of China without the approval of the
Government of the People's Republic of China.
Article 12
Vessels sailing on international routes that enter and leave the harbours
of the People's Republic of China must accept inspection by the competent
authorities. Vessels of Chinese nationality sailing on domestic routes
that enter and leave such harbours must obtain port entry and departure
visas.
Article 13
Vessels of foreign nationality entering and leaving a harbour of the
People's Republic of China, navigating or shifting berths in the harbour
area, or approaching or leaving mooring points or loading spots outside
the harbour must be navigated by a pilot designated by the competent
authorities.
Article 14
When entering or leaving harbours or passing through controlled traffic
areas, crowded navigable areas or areas where navigational conditions are
restricted, vessels must observe the special regulations promulgated by
the Government of the People's Republic of China or by the competent
authorities.
Article 15
Vessels shall be prohibited from entering or passing through restricted
navigation zones unless specially permitted by the competent authorities.
Article 16
Towing operations on the open sea involving large-sized installations and
mobile platforms must undergo towing inspection conducted by vessel
inspection departments and be reported to the competent authorities for
examination and approval.
Article 17
If the competent authorities finds the actual condition of a vessel to be
not in conformity with what is stated in the vessel's certificates, it
shall have the right to require the vessel to apply for a new inspection
or notify its owner or manager to adopt effective safety measures.
Article 18
If the competent authorities believes that a vessel presents a menace to
the safety of a harbour, it shall have the right to forbid the vessel from
entering the harbour or to order it to leave the harbour.
Article 19
The competent authorities shall have the right to forbid a vessel or an
installation from leaving the harbour or order it to suspend its voyage,
change its route or cease its operations under any one of the following
circumstances:
(1) if it violates any law, administrative statute or other rule or
regulation of the People's Republic of China;
(2) if it is in a condition unsuitable for navigation or towing;
(3) if it was involved in a traffic accident and has not completed the
necessary formalities;
(4) if it has not paid the fees that are due or furnished appropriate
security to the competent authorities or the department concerned: or
(5) if the competent authorities considers that there are other
circumstances that will jeopardize or might jeopardize maritime traffic
safety.
Chapter V Safety Protection
Article 20
Construction operations to be carried out on the surface or underwater in
coastal waters and the demarcation of corresponding safe operation zones
must be reported to the competent authorities for examination and approval
and must be publicly announced. Vessels not involved in the construction
project may not enter the safe operation zones. The construction unit may
not enlarge such zones without authorization. When shore lines are to be
used in harbour areas or when construction work, including overhead
operations, is to be carried out on the sea surface or underwater in such
areas, the plan and a drawing thereof must be submitted to the competent
authorities for examination and approval.
Article 21
The designation of restricted navigation zones in coastal waters must be
approved by the State Council or the competent authorities. However, the
designation of restricted navigation zones for military purposes shall be
approved by the competent department of the state in charge of military
affairs.
The restricted navigation zones shall be announced by the competent
authorities.
Article 22
Without the approval of the competent authorities, no installations may be
established or constructed, nor may any activities that hinder
navigational safety be carried out in harbour areas, anchorages,
navigation lanes, or crowded navigable areas, as well as in navigation
routes announced by the competent authorities.
With respect to any installations which have been established or
constructed in the above-mentioned areas without authorization, the
competent authorities shall have the right to order their owners to remove
or dismantle the installations within a given period of time.
Article 23
It shall be forbidden to damage navigation aids or navigational
facilities. Whoever has damaged navigation aids or navigational facilities
shall immediately report the damage to the competent authorities and be
liable for compensation.
Article 24
Vessels and installations shall promptly make a report to the competent
authorities if they discover any of the following situations:
(1) If navigation aids or navigational facilities malfunction or become
abnormal;
(2) if an obstacle or drifting object jeopardizing the safety of
navigation is discovered; or
(3) if there are other abnormal situations jeopardizing the safety of
navigation.
Article 25
No obstacle affecting the efficacy of navigation aids may be erected or
installed in areas surrounding the aids. Any lights in the vicinity of the
navigation aids or navigational lanes that jeopardize navigation safety
shall be properly screened.
Article 26
When removing or dismantling installations, salvaging or removing sunken
ships or objects, and handling the finishing operations of underwater
projects, no hidden dangers shall be left to menace navigational or
operational safety. Before the aforesaid operations have been properly
completed, their owners or managers must be responsible for erecting
markers as required and making an accurate report to the competent
authority on the type, shape, size and location of the obstacle and the
depth of water over it.
Article 27
Safety administration must be strengthened with respect to harbour
wharves, mooring points and loading spots outside of harbour areas as well
as ship locks, so that they are always kept in good condition.
Article 28
To meet the requirements of maritime traffic safety, the competent
authority shall fix and adjust traffic control areas and harbour
anchorages. The designation of anchorages outside of harbour areas shall
be announced by the competent authority after the report relative thereto
has been submitted to and approved by higher authorities.
Article 29
The competent authorities shall, in accordance with relevant provisions of
the state, be responsible for issuing navigational warnings and
navigational notices.
Article 30
In order to ensure the safety of navigation, berthing and operations, the
departments concerned shall maintain unimpeded communications facilities,
ensure distinct and effective navigation aids and navigational facilities
and, in a timely manner, provide offshore meteorological forecasts and
necessary books and reference materials concerning maritime navigation.
Article 31
When vessels and installations are involved in accidents that jeopardize
or may jeopardize traffic safety, the competent authorities shall have the
right to take necessary, compulsory measures to deal with the matter.
Chapter VI Transport of Dangerous Goods
Article 32
When vessels or installations store, load, unload or transport dangerous
goods, they must maintain safe and reliable equipment and conditions and
observe the state provisions governing the control and transport of
dangerous goods.
Article 33
When vessels load and transport dangerous goods, they must go through the
procedures for declaration to the competent authorities and they may not
enter or leave the harbour or load or unload until approval has been
obtained.
Chapter VII Rescue from Disasters at Sea
Article 34
When vessels, installations or aircraft are in distress, they shall, in
addition to issuing distress signals calling for help, use the quickest
method possible to report to the competent authorities the time and place
of the accident, the extent of damage, the assistance required and the
cause of the accident.
Article 35
Vessels, installations or aircraft in distress and their owners or mangers
shall take all effective measures to organize their own rescue efforts.
Article 36
When vessels or installations in the vicinity of the scene of an accident
receive a distress signal or discover that people's lives are endangered,
they shall do their best to rescue the people in distress insofar as their
own safety is not seriously endangered, and promptly report to the
competent authorities the situation at the scene, their own names, call
numbers and positions.
Article 37
Vessels or installations involved in a collision shall exchange their
names, nationalities and ports of registry and do their best to rescue
personnel in distress. The vessels involved may not leave the scene of
the accident without authorization, insofar as their own safety is not
seriously endangered.
Article 38
Upon receiving a request for rescue, the competent authorities shall
immediately organize a rescue operation. All units concerned and vessels
or installations in the vicinity of the scene must act under the orders of
the competent authorities.
Article 39
When a foreign country intends to dispatch vessels or aircraft into the
territorial waters or the airspace over the territorial waters of the
People's Republic of China to search for and rescue vessels or people in
distress, it must obtain the approval of the competent [Chinese]
authorities.
Chapter VIII Salvage and Removal of Sunken and Drifting Objects
Article 40
With respect to sunken or drifting objects that may affect the safety of
navigation and the management of navigation lanes, as well as those
constituting a threat of explosion, the owners or managers thereof shall
salvage and remove such objects within a deadline set by the competent
authorities. Otherwise, the competent authorities shall have the right to
take measures to compel the salvage and removal of the objects, and their
owners or managers shall bear all the expenses incurred thereby.
The provisions of this Article shall not prejudice the rights of the
owners or managers of the sunken or drifting objects to demand
compensation from third parties.
Article 41
No sunken vessels or sunken objects in the coastal waters may be salvaged
or dismantled without the approval of the competent authorities.
Chapter IX Investigation and Handling of Traffic Accidents
Article 42
Any vessel or installation involved in a traffic accident shall submit a
written accident report and relative materials to the competent
authorities and accept its investigation and handling of the accident.
While being investigated by the competent authorities the parties involved
in the accident and relevant personnel must give a truthful account of
circumstances at the scene of the accident and other relevant information.
Article 43
In the event of a traffic accident that involves a vessel or installation,
the competent authorities shall ascertain the cause of the accident and
fix the responsibility for it.
Chapter X Legal Liability
Article 44
The competent authorities shall, in the light of the circumstances, impose
one or more of the following penalties on anyone who violates this Law:
(1) warnings;
(2) withholding or revoking work certificates; or
(3) fines.
Article 45
If a party does not accept the penalty of a fine or revocation of his work
certificate imposed by the competent authorities, he may bring suit in a
people's court within 15 days after receiving notification of the penalty.
If he neither brings suit nor complies with the penalty upon the
expiration of that period, the competent authorities shall request
compulsory enforcement from the people's court.
Article 46
A civil dispute arising from a maritime traffic accident may be settled
through mediation by the competent authorities. If the parties are
unwilling to have the case mediated or if the mediation is unsuccessful,
the parties may bring suit in the people's court. Parties to a case
involving foreign interests may also submit the case to an arbitration
agency for mediation, in accordance with the written agreement concluded
between them.
Article 47
Those whose violation of this Law constitutes a crime shall be
investigated for their criminal responsibility by judicial organs in
accordance with the Law.
Chapter XI Special Provisions
Article 48
Within the waters of fishing harbours, the state fisheries administration
and fishing harbour superintendence agencies shall exercise the functions
and powers of the competent authorities as provided in this Law, being
responsible for the supervision and administration of traffic safety and
for the investigation and handling of traffic accidents between fishing
vessels in coastal waters. Concrete measures for implementation shall be
separately prescribed by the State Council.
Article 49
The internal administration of offshore military jurisdictional areas and
military vessels and installations, the administration of surface and
underwater operations carried out for military purposes, and the
inspection and registration of public security vessels, the provision of
their personnel and the issuing of their port entry and departure visas
shall be separately prescribed by the relevant competent departments of
the state in accordance with this Law.
Chapter XII Supplementary Provisions
Article 50
For the purpose of this Law, the definitions of the following terms are:
"Coastal waters" means the harbours, inland waters, territorial waters and
all other sea areas under the jurisdiction of the state along the seacoast
of the People's Republic of China.
"Vessels" means all types of displacement or non-displacement ships,
rafts, seaplanes, submersibles and mobile platforms.
"Installations" means all types of surface and underwater structures or
installations, whether fixed or floating, and fixed platforms.
"Operations" means investigations, exploration, exploitation, survey
construction, dredging, demolition, rescue, salvage, towing, fishing,
aquatic breeding, loading and unloading, scientific experimentation and
other surface and underwater operations.
Article 51
The competent department of the State Council shall, on the basis of this
Law, formulate rules for its implementation, which shall go into effect
after being submitted to and approved by the State Council.
Article 52
In cases of conflict between laws and regulations pertaining to maritime
traffic safety hitherto promulgated and this Law, this Law shall prevail.
Article 53
This Law shall go into effect on January 1, 1984.
Important Notice:
This English document is coming from "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
北京市人民政府关于加强垃圾渣土管理的规定
北京市人民政府
北京市人民政府令（１９９４年第１６号）
现发布《北京市人民政府关于加强垃圾渣土管理的规定》，自１９９４年９月１日起施行。
北京市人民政府
１９９４年８月１７日
北京市人民政府关于加强垃圾渣土管理的规定
第一条 为了贯彻实施《北京市城市市容环境卫生条例》（以下简称《条例》），维护市容整洁，保障人民健康，制定本规定。
第二条 凡本市城区、近郊区和远郊区县的建制镇、开发区、风景名胜区垃圾、渣土的收集、清运和消纳，均按本规定管理。
第三条 本规定由各级市容环境卫生管理部门在同级人民政府领导下组织实施。
第四条 居民居住区的垃圾收集站（包括密闭式清洁站，下同），除另有规定的外，由区、县市容环境卫生管理部门会同街道办事处或乡、镇人民政府统筹设置。垃圾收集站的设施，由市容环境卫生管理部门购置和维修，并负责清运垃圾。垃圾收集站的管理，除密闭式清洁站由市容环境卫生管理部门负责外，均由街道办事处或乡、镇人民政府负责。
机关、部队、企业事业单位（包括单位自建自管并以本单位职工及其家属集中居住为主的宿舍区和单位院内的宿舍区）和集贸市场的管理单位、个体工商户（以下简称单位），应自行设置垃圾容器或建设密闭式清洁站，收集本单位产生的垃圾，并负责清运。垃圾收集站的管理，由设置单位负责。
产生垃圾较少的单位，经区、县环境卫生管理部门批准，可以在就近的垃圾收集站倾倒垃圾，并按规定标准向垃圾收集站的管理单位交纳服务费用。
第五条 垃圾收集站和垃圾容器的管理单位应建立保洁管理责任制，保持垃圾收集站的整洁和垃圾容器的完好。损坏或破旧的垃圾容器应及时维修或更新。
第六条 垃圾收集站、垃圾容器的设置应当便于使用和清运，不妨碍交通，不影响市容。城区和近郊区的垃圾收集站应全部实行密闭容器化，并创造条件逐步改建成密闭式清洁站。新建、改建居民区应同时配套建设密闭式清洁站。
在有条件的地区，应当推行袋装垃圾和密闭式压缩车收集垃圾。
第七条 在垃圾收集站倾倒垃圾，必须遵守下列规定：
（一）应当按照市容环境卫生管理部门规定的时间、地点和方式收集、倾倒垃圾，不得乱堆乱倒。
（二）禁止在垃圾收集站和垃圾容器内倾倒污水、粪尿和渣土；秸秆、箱筐等体积超出垃圾容器容量的长、大废弃物，应破碎后再倾倒。
（三）爱护并合理使用垃圾容器等设施，不准拆移、损毁或在垃圾容器内焚烧废弃物等。
第八条 单位或居民因需要在街巷、道路两侧临时堆放渣土，必须经当地市容环境卫生管理部门同意，报当地公安交通管理机关批准，并严格按照批准的地点、面积、期限堆放。渣土较多，占地面积较大的渣土堆放现场，应由推放渣土的单位设立明显标志，并派人管理。
第九条 清运垃圾应做到按日清理，车走站净，密闭运输并运到规定的垃圾消纳场所，不得乱堆乱倒。
单位自行清运垃圾的，应按规定标准向垃圾消纳场所交纳管理费。
第十条 单位或者个人因建设工程施工或房屋修缮等产生的渣土（包括回填土，下同），由单位或个人负责清运。
清运渣土的单位或个人应当持施工许可证、工程图纸等有关材料，向下列审批部门提出申请并填写渣土消纳登记表；
跨区、县的或市重点工程产生的渣土，由单位向市环境卫生管理局办理消纳登记；其他建设工程产生的渣土，由单位向区、县环境卫生管理局办理消纳登记；房屋修缮产生的渣土，由单位或个人向当地街道办事处、乡镇人民政府办理消纳登记。
第十一条 审批部门自接到申请之日起３日内核发渣土消纳许可证，开具渣土消纳单。
清运渣土的单位或个人应按规定的标准交纳渣土消纳场所管理费，并按渣土消纳单规定的时间、路线、消纳场所运输和倾倒渣土。
第十二条 应当由单位或个人自行清运的垃圾、渣土，可以委托环境卫生专业单位或经市环境卫生管理局资质认定的服务公司清运，双方应签订委托清运垃圾、渣土协议。委托方应向受托方交付清运费，受托方负责清运垃圾、渣土，并对清运过程中发生遗撒、泄漏承担责任。
中小学校、托儿所、幼儿园、公安派出所、社会福利单位和其他交付清运费确有困难的单位，经区、县人民政府批准，清运费可予减免。
第十三条 本市垃圾、渣土消纳处理场所的设置，必须符合环境卫生、环境保护和城市规划的要求和标准。
市环境卫生管理局应依据《条例》和本规定对垃圾、渣土消纳处理场所进行监督管理，并可根据实际需要进行调配。
第十四条 运送垃圾、渣土的车辆行车时，必须盖好苫布、防尘罩，封闭严密，不得沿途遗撒、飞扬。
第十五条 易燃、易爆、剧毒、放射性废弃物以及其他工业性和污染废弃物，必须按国家有关规定妥善处理，不得倒入垃圾收集站和垃圾、渣土消纳场所。
第十六条 违反本规定的，由市容环境卫生监察组织视情节轻重，分别给予下列处理：
（一）单位不按规定自备垃圾容器，未经批准擅自将垃圾倒入垃圾收集站的，限期改正，并按已倒入垃圾收集站的垃圾量收取托运费；逾期不改正的，每逾期一天，按其倒入的垃圾量，每立方米罚款５０元。
（二）未按规定的时间、地点和方式收集、倾倒垃圾，造成垃圾收集站和垃圾容器周围严重脏乱的，给予警告，限期改正，并处责任单位５０元罚款，处直接责任人１０元罚款。
（三）垃圾收集站设施损坏妨碍使用、影响市容的，处责任单位１００元罚款，并限期维修或更新；逾期不维修、更新的，每逾期一天，罚款５０元。
（四）向垃圾收集站倾倒污水、粪尿、渣土和其他废弃物的，处责任单位２００元以上５００元以下罚款，处直接责任人２０元以上５０元以下罚款。
（五）不按规定及时清运垃圾，造成垃圾堆积，影响市容环境卫生的，处垃圾清运单位２００元以上１０００元以下罚款，并限期清运干净。
（六）乱倒垃圾、渣土的，责令立即清除，按乱倒的垃圾、渣土量计算，每吨处１０００元罚款，处直接责任人２００元罚款，并按市容环境卫生监察组织指定的时间和地点，按每乱倒１车垃圾、渣土清运１０车的比例，责令责任单位或责任人清运垃圾、渣土。因乱倒垃圾、渣土致使绿化、农业生产和河道排水设施遭受损失的，由责任单位或责任人赔偿。不按规定办理渣土消纳登记的，视为乱倒垃圾、渣土，按本项规定处罚。
（七）清运垃圾、渣土沿途遗撒飞扬、影响市容环境卫生的，责令施工单位停止运输，整顿３天至７天，组织驾驶员进行市容环境卫生法规的学习培训，对责任单位，每污染一平方米罚款２元，并处直接责任人５０元罚款。
（八）损坏垃圾收集站设施的，应当赔偿。属故意损毁垃圾收集站设施或辱骂、殴打执法人员、阻碍执法人员执行公务等违反治安管理行为的，由公安机关依法处罚。
（九）不按规定设置和使用垃圾、渣土消纳场所的，责令限期改正；逾期不改正的，对责任单位处２００元以上１０００元以上罚款。
第十七条 本规定具体执行中的问题，由市环境卫生管理局负责解释。
第十八条 本规定自１９９４年９月１日起施行。１９８７年１０月２７日京政发１３４号文件发布的《北京市人民政府关于加强垃圾渣土管理的规定》和１９９０年１２月１５日京政发８０号文件发布的《北京市人民政府关于修改＜关于加强垃圾渣土管理的规定＞若干条款的决定》同时废止。